Writer Helen Zia testified about her experiences with discrimination and how her life changed when she married her wife in 2008.

Social epidemiologist Ilan Meyer testified about the harm gays and lesbians have experienced because of Proposition 8.

Edmund A. Egan, the chief economist for the City and County of San Francisco, testified about the many ways prohibiting marriage equality negatively affects San Francisco’s economy.

On the third day of trial, UCLA psychology professor Letitia Anne Peplau testified about benefits of marriage for gay and lesbian couples. She explained that marriage equality would help gay and lesbian couples and their children, while having no impact on stability of marriage as an institution.

On the second and third days of trial, Yale history professor George Chauncey testified about the history of discrimination faced by gay and lesbian Americans.

On the second and third days of trial, Professor Nancy Cott testified about the history of marriage in the United States. Her testimony explained marriage as a secular, public institution that has evolved throughout American history.

On the first day of trial, AFER plaintiff Paul Katami testified about why he wanted to marry his partner of nearly 10 years, Jeff Zarrillo.

AFER plaintiff Kris Perry testified about her relationship with Sandy Stier and why they want to marry each other.

AFER plaintiff Sandy Stier testified about her relationship with Kris Perry. She explained why they wanted to get married, and how their domestic partnership is inadequate.

On the first day of trial, AFER plaintiff Jeff Zarrillo testified about coming out as a gay man. He also explained his nine year relationship with Paul Katami, why the two men wish to marry each other, and the special meaning marriage has for them and their family